![]() Having too few white blood cells increases your risk of serious infections. Reduced numbers of red blood cells can cause anemia, which can make you feel tired. Chemicals, including benzene, have been linked to myelodysplastic syndromes.Ĭomplications of myelodysplastic syndromes include: Chemotherapy or radiation therapy, both of which are commonly used to treat cancer, can increase your risk of myelodysplastic syndromes. Previous treatment with chemotherapy or radiation.Most people with myelodysplastic syndromes are older than 60. Sometimes the blood cells appear normal, but analysis might find that the cells have DNA changes that are associated with myelodysplastic syndromes.įactors that can increase your risk of myelodysplastic syndromes include: In this subtype, there are reduced numbers of one or more types of mature blood cells and the cells might look abnormal under the microscope. Myelodysplastic syndromes, unclassifiable.Very immature blood cells (blasts) are found in the blood and bone marrow. In this subtype, any of the three types of blood cells - red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets - might be low and appear abnormal under a microscope. Myelodysplastic syndromes with excess blasts.People with this subtype have low numbers of red blood cells, and the cells have a specific mutation in their DNA. Myelodysplastic syndromes with isolated del(5q) chromosome abnormality.A characteristic feature is that existing red blood cells in the bone marrow contain rings of excess iron. This subtype involves a low number of one or more blood cell types. Myelodysplastic syndromes with ring sideroblasts.In this subtype, two or three blood cell types are abnormal. Myelodysplastic syndromes with multilineage dysplasia.One blood cell type - white blood cells, red blood cells or platelets - is low in number and appears abnormal under the microscope. Myelodysplastic syndromes with single-lineage dysplasia.Myelodysplastic syndrome subtypes include: The World Health Organization divides myelodysplastic syndromes into subtypes based on the type of blood cells - red cells, white cells and platelets - involved. Others are caused by exposure to cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, or to toxic chemicals, such as benzene. Most myelodysplastic syndromes have no known cause. Over time, there are more immature, defective cells than healthy ones, leading to problems such as fatigue caused by too few healthy red blood cells (anemia), infections caused by too few healthy white blood cells (leukopenia) and bleeding caused by too few blood-clotting platelets (thrombocytopenia). Instead of developing normally, the blood cells die in the bone marrow or just after entering the bloodstream. Myelodysplastic syndromes occur when something disrupts this process so that the blood cells don't mature. See a member of your health care team soon if you develop petechiae all over the body, or you can't identify the cause of the petechiae.In a healthy person, bone marrow makes new, immature blood cells that mature over time. Some of the causes of tiny round spots on the skin, called petechiae, can be potentially serious. Petechiae may be caused by other medical conditions. Examples of these types of infection include: Petechiae may be caused by infection with a fungus, virus or bacteria. Petechiae may result from taking some types of medicine, including phenytoin (Cerebyx, Dilantin-125, others), penicillin and quinine (Qualaquin). Tiny spots on the face, neck and chest can be caused by straining for a long time from coughing, vomiting, giving birth or lifting weights. Petechiae form when capillaries bleed, leaking blood into the skin. Tiny blood vessels, called capillaries, link the smallest parts of your arteries to the smallest parts of your veins. Petechiae are common and can be caused by many different conditions. Sometimes they appear on the inner surfaces of the mouth or the eyelids. The spots are often flat to the touch and don't lose color when you press on them. The spots often form in groups and may look like a rash. They're caused by bleeding, which makes the spots look red, brown or purple. Petechiae (puh-TEE-kee-ee) are pinpoint, round spots that form on the skin.
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